Answering: “Which statement best describes Scrum?” (PSM I)

Scrum is a framework that helps people generate value through adaptive solutions for complex problems. It is not a full methodology, a cookbook of practices or a predictive process.

Exam Question

Which statement best describes Scrum?
(choose the best answer)
A. A complete methodology that defines how to develop software.
B. A cookbook that defines best practices for software development.
C. A defined and predictive process that conforms to the principles of Scientific Management.
D. A framework to generate value through adaptive solutions for complex problems.

Correct Answer

D. A framework to generate value through adaptive solutions for complex problems.

Why This Is the Correct Answer

The 2020 Scrum Guide opens with “Scrum is a lightweight framework that helps people, teams and organizations generate value through adaptive solutions for complex problems.” The key word is framework. The Guide says the framework is purposefully incomplete, defining only the parts needed to implement Scrum theory. Teams fill in the rest with their own practices. Scrum is founded on empiricism, meaning knowledge comes from experience and decisions are based on what is observed. That is why it suits complex work where much is unknown at the start. It also is not tied to software. It is used for many kinds of products.

Why the Other Options Are Wrong

A. A complete methodology for developing software. Scrum is deliberately incomplete and is not limited to software.

B. A cookbook of best practices for software development. Scrum does not prescribe practices. Teams choose their own techniques within the framework.

C. A defined, predictive process following Scientific Management. Scrum is empirical and adaptive. Scientific Management and defined processes are what it replaces for complex work.

Exam Tip

If an option calls Scrum a “methodology,” “process” or “set of best practices,” rule it out. The Scrum Guide consistently calls it a framework.

Key Takeaways

• Scrum is a lightweight framework, not a methodology.
• It is built on empiricism for complex problems.
• Teams add their own practices inside the framework.